Literary Echoes from the Past

I’ve written before about how the streets and houses in a place like Oxford have echoes of its literary past in hidden corners and unexpected places. Tolkien’s large family home on Staunton Road; Lewis’ semi-rural house on the edge of Headington (at least it was semi-rural when he lived there); the stone house down a leafy side path in Headington Village where Elizabeth Bowen lived until her 1935 move to London; the old limestone house on Brewer Street where Dorothy L Sayers was born.

Last week I stumbled across another tribute to a writer, but away from the respectable, leafy suburbs, or the elegant College residences. Near the bottom of Cowley Road, on a Victorian house of three levels, is a stone tribute to Edward Thomas. The house is nothing special to look at – weeds growing between stone cracks at the front of the house, and modern PVC windows fitted unsympathetically into spaces designed for wooden sash frames. Like many properties around there, it is probably divided up into student flats and let out at high prices.

To anyone who lives in Oxford, the words ‘Cowley Road’ will bring all sorts of connotations. I lived between Cowley and Iffley Roads for a number of years. The most common adjective is ‘vibrant’, which is a vague word often used euphemistically, both positively and negatively. The road is known for its festival, for its international cafés and restaurants. It has been a place for first-generation immigrants, but also a hang out for drug users and people on the fringes of society. As a result, if you spend any time on the Manzil Way area of Cowley Road, you will observe a curious and incongruous mix of observant Muslims walking to mosque, and down-and-out drug addicts grouping around the benches near the children’s play area.

Edward Thomas is a writer I stumbled across when I read some of his short stories. Next I read his poetry. He is famous for his poetry about the English countryside, and also famous for his death in the First World War. His poem Adlestrop is particularly beautiful, because it captures a quiet moment. One late June, a train stops at a small village station on the Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire border called Adelstrop (out of use since the Beeching cuts of the 1960s). No one gets off and no one gets on. It is, in other words, it’s a poem where nothing happens. But in that stillness, the details of sound and sight come to life. Far from nothing happening, the absence of activity allows the background features of the scene to come to the fore. As it is such a short poem I will include it below:

Yes. I remember Adlestrop—
The name, because one afternoon
Of heat the express-train drew up there
Unwontedly. It was late June. 

The steam hissed. Someone cleared his throat.
No one left and no one came
On the bare platform. What I saw
Was Adlestrop—only the name 

And willows, willow-herb, and grass,
And meadowsweet, and haycocks dry,
No whit less still and lonely fair
Than the high cloudlets in the sky. 

And for that minute a blackbird sang
Close by, and round him, mistier,
Farther and farther, all the birds
Of Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire.

My walk along Cowley Road, and seeing that small, stone reminder of a past life in such an unexpected place reminded me of how the past, and the figures who peopled it, are around us if we are willing to notice.

Three Reasons to Love Poetry

For every hundred conversations I have about some great new Netflix series, I probably have one about poetry. And yet poetry is something I read, enjoy and think about. It’s sad that there seem to be few readers of poetry. And yet I believe it will always be written and read, because it is necessary.

So here are three reasons (among hundreds) why you can enjoy and embrace poetry.

One: We use poetry when we are trying to communicate the most complex and profound ideas.

There comes a point where literal, prosaic language just doesn’t do the job. If I’m giving someone directions from a Sainsburys local to the Park and Ride, I’ll use the most plain language I can. When I’m explaining to someone how much I love my children or discussing big ideas like life and the universe, I need poetry.

When the Challenger space craft exploded during take off in 1986, President Regan gave a speech in very difficult circumstances. It is said to be one of the ‘great speeches’, and it was written by Peggy Noonan. The whole country, many of them children, had just witnessed a tragedy live on television. President Regan ended his speech with poetry, quoting from the poem High Flight by John Magee. He said the deceased astronauts had “slipped the surly bonds of earth” to “touch the face of God.” And that touches the heart. It’s better than saying, “There was some faulty tubing, which caused an explosion and some people died, which is sad.” That last sentence is absolutely true. But it’s not fit for the occasion.

This is also why we read poetry at weddings and funerals. We are marking the fact that something big is happening, and nothing does that better than poetry. It’s no surprise that religious texts contain so much poetry. When you’re exploring the meaning of life, the character of God, what it is to be human, for all this you need poetry. You are reaching so far towards profound meaning that everyday language is inadequate.

Two: Poetry is timeless.

Sometimes we watch a film or television programme which has not aged well. Even if the story is good, the production values are so dated that it provokes laughter. Technology has moved on, special effects have improved. Now take a sonnet by Shakespeare or a poem by Christina Rossetti. Contemporary writers are catching up with them, not the other way around. Dante’s Divine Comedy has not been overtaken by someone else’s Divine Comedy.

In his play The History Boys, Alan Bennett wrote:

“The best moments in reading are when you come across something – a thought, a feeling, a way of looking at things – which you had thought special and particular to you. Now here it is, set down by someone else, a person you have never met, someone even who is long dead. And it is as if a hand has come out and taken yours.”

Whether it’s a poem about the nature of love by Luís de Camões, or a poem about isolation by Stevie Smith, we can suddenly see that someone has already felt what we are feeling, somebody has already walked on this path. Poetry is a shortcut to seeing the depths of human feeling, human folly and everything else on the spectrum of human experience.

Just as 2021 started with new lockdown restrictions, alarming numbers of hospitalizations, and a sense of fatigue as we faced a very dark winter, I stumbled across this poem by John Masefield:

I have seen flowers come in stony places
And kind things done by men with ugly faces,
And the gold cup won by the worst horse at the races,
So I trust, too.

It was, to more or less use Alan Bennett’s sentiment, as if a hand had reached out to me across time.

Three: Brevity

Poetry is like a measure of whisky. It is deep meaning distilled into a few words.

When, in his poem The Rolling English Road, Chesterton says we must not allow ‘the folly of our youth to be the shame of age’ he has hit on something important that it would take me a whole paragraph to sum up: when you’re young, bad decisions and behaviour can be put down to the foolishness of youth, but if you’re still making those bad decisions and exhibiting that behaviour when you’re older, it turns from foolish to shameful. And even more, are we talking about a country in its youth and not just a person? In which case there’s further meaning to it.

Why use a paragraph when you can use a line of verse? The literal explanation sounded clumsy, but Chesterton’s poetry lifted it to something eloquent.

To finish, I would encourage everyone – especially keen readers – to find poems and poets they love. I’m as happy as the next person to talk about what great new series I’ve been streaming recently. But secretly I’d rather be talking about poetry.